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# The Tengo Language
[](https://godoc.org/github.com/d5/tengo/v2)
[](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/d5/tengo)
**Tengo is a small, dynamic, fast, secure script language for Go.**
Tengo is **[fast](#benchmark)** and secure because it's compiled/executed as
bytecode on stack-based VM that's written in native Go.
```golang
/* The Tengo Language */
fmt := import("fmt")
each := func(seq, fn) {
for x in seq { fn(x) }
}
sum := func(init, seq) {
each(seq, func(x) { init += x })
return init
}
fmt.println(sum(0, [1, 2, 3])) // "6"
fmt.println(sum("", [1, 2, 3])) // "123"
```
> Test this Tengo code in the
> [Tengo Playground](https://tengolang.com/?s=0c8d5d0d88f2795a7093d7f35ae12c3afa17bea3)
## Features
- Simple and highly readable
[Syntax](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/tutorial.md)
- Dynamic typing with type coercion
- Higher-order functions and closures
- Immutable values
- [Securely Embeddable](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/interoperability.md)
and [Extensible](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/objects.md)
- Compiler/runtime written in native Go _(no external deps or cgo)_
- Executable as a
[standalone](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/tengo-cli.md)
language / REPL
- Use cases: rules engine, [state machine](https://github.com/d5/go-fsm),
data pipeline, [transpiler](https://github.com/d5/tengo2lua)
## Benchmark
| | fib(35) | fibt(35) | Language (Type) |
| :--- | ---: | ---: | :---: |
| [**Tengo**](https://github.com/d5/tengo) | `2,315ms` | `3ms` | Tengo (VM) |
| [go-lua](https://github.com/Shopify/go-lua) | `4,028ms` | `3ms` | Lua (VM) |
| [GopherLua](https://github.com/yuin/gopher-lua) | `4,409ms` | `3ms` | Lua (VM) |
| [goja](https://github.com/dop251/goja) | `5,194ms` | `4ms` | JavaScript (VM) |
| [starlark-go](https://github.com/google/starlark-go) | `6,954ms` | `3ms` | Starlark (Interpreter) |
| [gpython](https://github.com/go-python/gpython) | `11,324ms` | `4ms` | Python (Interpreter) |
| [Yaegi](https://github.com/containous/yaegi) | `11,715ms` | `10ms` | Yaegi (Interpreter) |
| [otto](https://github.com/robertkrimen/otto) | `48,539ms` | `6ms` | JavaScript (Interpreter) |
| [Anko](https://github.com/mattn/anko) | `52,821ms` | `6ms` | Anko (Interpreter) |
| - | - | - | - |
| Go | `47ms` | `2ms` | Go (Native) |
| Lua | `756ms` | `2ms` | Lua (Native) |
| Python | `1,907ms` | `14ms` | Python2 (Native) |
_* [fib(35)](https://github.com/d5/tengobench/blob/master/code/fib.tengo):
Fibonacci(35)_
_* [fibt(35)](https://github.com/d5/tengobench/blob/master/code/fibtc.tengo):
[tail-call](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_call) version of Fibonacci(35)_
_* **Go** does not read the source code from file, while all other cases do_
_* See [here](https://github.com/d5/tengobench) for commands/codes used_
## Quick Start
```
go get github.com/d5/tengo/v2
```
A simple Go example code that compiles/runs Tengo script code with some input/output values:
```golang
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"github.com/d5/tengo/v2"
)
func main() {
// create a new Script instance
script := tengo.NewScript([]byte(
`each := func(seq, fn) {
for x in seq { fn(x) }
}
sum := 0
mul := 1
each([a, b, c, d], func(x) {
sum += x
mul *= x
})`))
// set values
_ = script.Add("a", 1)
_ = script.Add("b", 9)
_ = script.Add("c", 8)
_ = script.Add("d", 4)
// run the script
compiled, err := script.RunContext(context.Background())
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// retrieve values
sum := compiled.Get("sum")
mul := compiled.Get("mul")
fmt.Println(sum, mul) // "22 288"
}
```
Or, if you need to evaluate a simple expression, you can use [Eval](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/d5/tengo/v2#Eval) function instead:
```golang
res, err := tengo.Eval(ctx,
`input ? "success" : "fail"`,
map[string]interface{}{"input": 1})
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(res) // "success"
```
## References
- [Language Syntax](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/tutorial.md)
- [Object Types](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/objects.md)
- [Runtime Types](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/runtime-types.md)
and [Operators](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/operators.md)
- [Builtin Functions](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/builtins.md)
- [Interoperability](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/interoperability.md)
- [Tengo CLI](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/tengo-cli.md)
- [Standard Library](https://github.com/d5/tengo/blob/master/docs/stdlib.md)
- Syntax Highlighters: [VSCode](https://github.com/lissein/vscode-tengo), [Atom](https://github.com/d5/tengo-atom)
- **Why the name Tengo?** It's from [1Q84](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1Q84).
|
